Which vehicle's driver must ensure the intersection is clear before proceeding?

The responsibility of ensuring that the intersection is clear before proceeding typically falls on the driver who is in a position where they must yield to other traffic or where their visibility of oncoming traffic may be limited. In many scenarios, particularly at stop signs or traffic lights, the driver who arrives first or who is required to stop must carefully assess the situation to avoid accidents.

In this context, if vehicle 1 is in a situation such as approaching a stop, merging into traffic, or turning at an intersection where visibility might be obstructed, that driver must exercise caution. This includes checking for other vehicles, pedestrians, or cyclists that might be in the way. By taking the time to ensure the intersection is clear, the driver of vehicle 1 helps prevent collisions and promotes safety for themselves and others on the road. This adherence to traffic rules is essential for the safe operation of any vehicle when navigating intersections.